In
1939 the 1st Battalion were in Palestine, keeping the fragile
peace between Arabs and Jews around Jerusalem. When war broke
out they moved across into North Africa. They were sent to Abbysinia
and Eritrea (which are now Ethiopia), which were Italian colonies.
They fought a harsh campaign here, fighting in scorching deserts
and dry mountains as the Italians put up a bitter resistance.
Eventually, after the battle
of Keren, the Italians surrendered. By taking these colonies, the
British had secured their supply lines through the Suez Canal and
won a Britain's first major land victory of the war.
In
1941 the 1st Battalion transferred to the Western Desert
in order to fight the Germans. As the Germans advanced, the
Battalion became trapped in Tobruk. Just outside this port the
Battalion made a gallant stand, at a place called Point 187,
holding back the German tanks for 24 hours before finally pulling
back.
In June 1942 the
1st Battalion were with the garrison of Tobruk when it surrendered.
Only a few men escaped back to England.
In
January 1943 the Battalion was reborn as the 11th Battalion,
then renumbered as the 1st.
The new Battalion landed in Normandy in June 1944 and
were heavily involved in the Battle of Caen and the advance
on the River Seine. On the 16th August they crossed the River
under heavy fire - the first unit across.
The Battalion later fought through the liberation of Belgium
and Holland, and the invasion of Germany.
In March 1945 they played a major part in the crossing
of the Rhine.